Architectural Flashing Supply
Start a Quote
Through-wall flashing, end dams and weeps · Lesson 3 of 4

Through-wall flashing, end dams and weeps: methods and worked application

The installation sequence for a head flashing from bearing to weeps, how end dams are formed, two worked examples with every input labelled, and how sills and stepped flashing differ.

You will be able to: Set a head flashing over a lintel in sequence, form and check its end dams, work out piece lengths and weep counts from stated inputs, and flash a sill and a stepped run.

13 min · 12 slides · 8 questions

All lessons in this module
Slide 1 of 12

Start from the drawings

IMI's flashing checklist, written for flexible membrane flashing, says flashing work must meet or exceed local code, the maker's instructions and the project documents; conflicts go to the designer.

Before you set anything, confirm the material, rise, extension past the opening, dam positions, joint method and weep spacing.

This lesson follows a window head over a steel lintel in brick veneer.

Setting a head flashing, step by stepTen steps in a column: check the drawings and the metal, clean the bearing, bed the flashing from the face to the backup, run it past the opening, form and seal the end dams, lap the pieces by the method the specification names, terminate behind the barrier, place a mortar collection device, lay the first course with weeps above the flashing, and inspect and photograph before covering.1Check drawings and metal2Clean the bearing3Bed flashing, face to backup4Run past the opening5Form and seal the dams6Lap the piecesPer the specification:6 in sealed lap1/4 in gap + membrane7Terminate behind the barrier8Mortar collection device9First course and weeps10Inspect and photographRed marks the steps that handle AFS metal.

Ten steps in a column: check the drawings and the metal, clean the bearing, bed the flashing from the face to the backup, run it past the opening, form and seal the end dams, lap the pieces by the method the specification names, terminate behind the barrier, place a mortar collection device, lay the first course with weeps above the flashing, and inspect and photograph before covering.

1
Check the drawings: material, rise, extension past the opening, dam positions, joint method and weep spacing
2
Clean the bearing; the water/air barrier is already on the backup before the flashing (IMI)
3
Bed the flashing in sealant from outside the face across the cavity
4
Run the flashing past the opening and up the backup at least 8 in
5
Form and seal the end dams, at least 1 in up, at or beyond the lintel ends
6
Lap the pieces: a 6 in sealed lap (BIA's figure for plain flexible flashing, York's for its own stainless; sheet-metal splices follow the maker) or, for concrete masonry, a 1/4 in gap under a bonded membrane (CMHA)
7
Terminate the top edge, then lap the water-resistive barrier over the flashing afterward (BIA, at least 6 in)
8
Place a mortar collection device above the flashing
9
Lay the first course with open head joint weeps immediately above the flashing
10
Inspect and photograph before any brick covers the flashing
A teaching sequence for a window head over a lintel in brick veneer, built from BIA, IMI and MAC. The lap step offers the two published joints; the specification decides. It is not an AFS procedure.

Videos for this lesson

What this video shows: The International Masonry Institute's 46-second clip on turning masonry flashing ends up to form a pan, or end dam, showing field-formed and prefabricated options. Checked against the video's description.

Video: A.18 Flashing end dams - Fabrication & placement by International Masonry Institute, on YouTube. AFS checked its description against this lesson.

Glossary

Lap
The overlap where one flashing piece covers the next. BIA asks plain flexible flashing pieces to lap at least 6 in with the lap sealed; self-adhered and sheet-metal laps follow the manufacturer; some masonry bodies use a gap and membrane instead.
Stepped flashing
Several pieces of flashing, each in a different course, that step with a sloped grade or opening. Higher pieces overlap the one below by at least 4 in, and each level has a weep.
Pan flashing
Flashing turned up at the back and at both ends, as under a sill, so it forms a shallow pan.