OSHA safety and PPE · Lesson 4 of 4

OSHA safety and PPE: defects, verification and case study

Defects at the machine, in PPE, on the roof and on paper; the evidence a reviewer can see; and a published NIOSH fall report worked through with the hazard assessment method.

You will be able to: Recognise common unsafe or non-compliant conditions at a machine, in PPE and on a roof, name the rule and the correction for each, list the records that show the work was done, and walk a published fall case through the method.

10 min · 11 slides · 7 questions

All lessons in this module

Slide 1 of 11

Defects at the machine

Reaching past a guard: it must keep any part of the body out of the danger zone (1910.212(a)(3)(ii)).

Servicing with the machine live: apply the six steps in order (1910.147(d)).

A device that does not show who applied it, or one removed by someone else (1910.147(c)(5)(ii), (e)(3)).

A machine that walks: fixed machines must be anchored (1910.212(b)).

Sources

29 CFR 1910.212 General requirements for all machines (CFR 2025 edition, revised as of July 1, 2025) - U.S. Government Publishing Office (govinfo)
29 CFR 1910.147 The control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout) (CFR 2025 edition, revised as of July 1, 2025) - U.S. Government Publishing Office (govinfo)

Videos for this lesson

What this video shows: A 66-second U.S. Department of Labor video that, by its description, asks whether your safety helmet has the right fit.

Video: Wearing your safety helmet correctly? by USDepartmentofLabor, on YouTube. Chosen from the video's published description.

Glossary

Certification of hazard assessment: Under 29 CFR 1910.132(d)(2), the written document that verifies the workplace hazard assessment was performed. It identifies the workplace evaluated, the person certifying, the date or dates, and itself as a certification of hazard assessment.
Fall training certification record: Under 29 CFR 1926.503(b), the written record, with the employee's name or other identifier, the training date or dates and the signature of the trainer or employer, that verifies fall protection training was given. The latest one is maintained.
Baseline audiogram: The first hearing test in a shop hearing conservation program. 29 CFR 1910.95(g)(5) requires it within 6 months of an employee's first exposure at or above the action level.
Do Not Use tag: Under 29 CFR 1926.1053(b)(16), the tag (or other marking that readily identifies it as defective) on a defective portable ladder, which is withdrawn from service until repaired.
Heat priority day: In OSHA's 2026 heat emphasis program (CPL 03-00-024), a day on which the heat index is expected to be 80°F or more.
FACE report: A NIOSH fatality investigation report, here FACE 88-18, which describes how a fatal workplace injury happened and what could have prevented it.